A Short Video on the Yom Kippur War:
Video and Narrations By: Daniel Daud Lopez and Kellie Siu
Through an Artist's Eyes:
Artwork By: Paola Astudillo
Description : This art piece represents opposing sides in the Yom Kippur war. This represents the two religions involved; Judaism and Islam. On the left hand side is the flag of Israel and the hand on the left is demonstrating Israels side where bombs have exploded on buildings and the effects of war. On the right hand side is the Palestinian side. The Crescent and Star are the symbols for Islam. The painting also shows building / houses on fire burning due to acts of war. The meaning behind this picture is both sides are trying to take over the land, as the painting shows both hands are trying to grab on to the rifle and both have different religions. The back ground is a map of Israel, the lighter green is Israel (Jewish side), the darker green side is Palestine and the smaller section Gaza (Islamic side
War Diorama by: Santiago Jaramillo
Origins of the Conflict:
The Yom Kippur War started on Saturday, October 6th 1973, as a result of the surprise Arab attack on Israel. It is considered the most recent “full” war in the Middle East, as it began on the day of Atonement. The Day of Atonement was significant because it is the holiest day of prayer and fasting in the Jewish Calendar. Although battles of this war took place all over Israel & the Middle East, the Yom Kippur war was concentrated in the Sinai Peninsula, Suez Canal, Golan Heigners, and a good portion of the Middle East. For most of the war, battles persisted in Egypt’s southern front and Syria’s front.
From the previous war, Israel captured the Golan Heights from Syria, the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan and Sinai Peninsula from Egypt. On October 1967, Jordan, Syria, and Egypt planned to gain back their land, but by September 1970, President of Egypt passed away and Anwar Sadat became the new president. Sadat wanted to negotiate with Israel on peace negotiations, but his request was that Israel would have to withdraw troops to the border line that was in place since the Six-Day War. That being said, Israel would not agree to. After 3 years, Sadat found that Egypt’s economy wasn’t doing so well and the people of Egypt urged to recapture Sinai Peninsula.
Causes and Leaders Involved
There were many factors that contributed to the start of the Yom Kippur War. The causes of the war date back all the way to Israel’s stunning victory in the Six Day War of 1967. As a result, Egypt has lost the Sinai Peninsula, and the Gaza Strip, and many other nations around lost land too. By 1970, Egypt was considered an economically troubled nation that couldn’t afford to continue its crusade against Israel. Egypt’s president at the time, Anwar el-Sadat, hoped for peace, stability, and recovery of the Sinai, but after Israel’s 1967 victory, peace was unlikely. Sadat then conceived a daring idea to attack Israel once again to attain peace.
There were many leaders who were involved in the Yom Kippur War. One of the leaders that were involved was Anwar Sadat. Anwar first try to negotiate with Israel by withdrawing all the territories that they captured, for a chance for an agreement. Sadat also threaten Israel that Egypt will attack Israel and one of the leaders who sent troops to attack Israel. Hafez al-Assad was the president for Syria, he was the second leader who sent troops to attack Israel. President Nixon of the US warned Israel on the incoming attack. The Prime Minister of Israel was Golda Meir waited before attacking in order to have the US to aid Israel.
Countries Affected
The Yom Kippur War spread to the Russia since both Egypt and Syria are close allies, and since Israel was the United States’ key to allies in the Middle East, the United States needed to get involved. Another reason why the United States got involved in this war was because Cold War tensions were still around in the world, and that the US couldn’t let Russia gain control of the whole Middle East. Iraq became involved when they gave Egypt several fighter planes to be used against Israelis in Golan Heights.
Present Day Issues Between Both Sides:
Present-Day Issues
Presently there are still many tensions between Israel and surrounding Arab nations. Violence stills consumes the Middle East with yet another key player: terrorism. The violence in the Middle East is now becoming the burden of other nations. Senator Marco Rubio of Florida acknowledged that Europe is promoting anti-semitism by requiring the labeling of Israeli exports as coming from occupied territories.
Major Events Influenced by the War
9/11: Due to the involvement of the U.S in the Middle East, Al Qaeda found valid reasons to place attacks on American soil. Al Qaeda allegedly retaliated against the United States’ support of Israel and their military presence within the Middle Eastern territories.
ISIS: the creation of the terrorist group the islamic state in syria and Iran.although ISIS is roughly new, there impact is seen today. the islamic state is now noticed as a caliphate, or state controlled by a caliph. They want to control everybody in the MIddle East.
The Issue Today
Arab-Israeli tensions only continue to increase without rest. During the end of September 2000, Israeli military general and present-day Prime Minister, Ariel Sharon, visited a holy Muslim site with 1000 soldiers and declared it eternal Israeli territory. There had long been attempts for peace, but Sharon’s uncivilized declaration received negative actions from the Muslims and other world leaders. Around this same time, Israel continued expanding into occupied territory while most Palestinians were already in deep poverty.
Many Arab nations joined forces with the Palestinians, and in aggression movements against the West and Israel, have become “terrorists,” although they justify themselves as freedom fighters (Shah). Furthermore, in a presidential speech, Senator Rubio acknowledged that Europe is promoting anti-semitism by requiring the labeling of Israeli exports as coming from occupied territories (Rubio), meaning that “farmers, vintners, and manufacturers in East Jerusalem...must tell consumers that the products come from a ‘settlement’ in the territories, which were captured by Israel in the 1967 Arab-Israeli War…” while “Palestine-owned enterprises can be labeled ‘Made in Palestine’” (Booth).
Location of the Issue
Tensions have spread from merely the Middle Eastern countries to other nations as well. The United States, ever supporting Israel, continues to aid them with the most advanced military technology and missiles; on the other hand, Russia backs the Arab nations. Physical conflict mainly occurs in the Middle Eastern countries of Israel and Palestine and involves minimal Egyptian territory. The UN Security Council has strived to pass numerous resolutions critical of Israel; the United States has taken the liberty of vetoing almost all of them.
People Affected
Currently, tensions between Israel and Syria still exist. This tension between the two countries not only affects the citizens of each country but surrounding areas and countries across the globe. Recently, from August 20-22 of this year, “Israel fired artillery into Syria”. Their targets were Syrian military outposts and Islamic militant personnel. With this act, six militants were killed in the Israeli strikes and the Israeli side had no casualties. Acts of aggression like these put innocent civilians in harm’s way and puts them at risk for serious injury and possibly death.
Interruption of Peace
Tensions between these two countries interrupt peace. Countries surrounding Syria and Israel are affected by the ongoing tension. For example, in Turkey, Syrian refugees have costed about $2 billion so far. In Lebanon, political tensions have inflamed. This tension interrupts peace because the surrounding countries have nothing to do with the conflict but they’re also being put through unnecessary problems, stemming from the Syrian and Israeli tension.
Requiring that Jewish settlements clearly label export products as coming from occupied territories. Israeli leaders condemned the move as discriminatory and warned that relations with their nation’s biggest trading partner could suffer.
The measures, issued by the European Commission, mean that farmers, vintners and manufacturers in East Jerusalem, the West Bank and the Golan Heights — even those employing Palestinian workers — may no longer boast a “Made in Israel” label for Europe-bound goods. Instead, they must tell consumers that the products come from a “settlement” in the territories, which were captured by Israel in the 1967 Arab-Israeli War.
Presently there are still many tensions between Israel and surrounding Arab nations. Violence stills consumes the Middle East with yet another key player: terrorism. The violence in the Middle East is now becoming the burden of other nations. Senator Marco Rubio of Florida acknowledged that Europe is promoting anti-semitism by requiring the labeling of Israeli exports as coming from occupied territories.
Major Events Influenced by the War
9/11: Due to the involvement of the U.S in the Middle East, Al Qaeda found valid reasons to place attacks on American soil. Al Qaeda allegedly retaliated against the United States’ support of Israel and their military presence within the Middle Eastern territories.
ISIS: the creation of the terrorist group the islamic state in syria and Iran.although ISIS is roughly new, there impact is seen today. the islamic state is now noticed as a caliphate, or state controlled by a caliph. They want to control everybody in the MIddle East.
The Issue Today
Arab-Israeli tensions only continue to increase without rest. During the end of September 2000, Israeli military general and present-day Prime Minister, Ariel Sharon, visited a holy Muslim site with 1000 soldiers and declared it eternal Israeli territory. There had long been attempts for peace, but Sharon’s uncivilized declaration received negative actions from the Muslims and other world leaders. Around this same time, Israel continued expanding into occupied territory while most Palestinians were already in deep poverty.
Many Arab nations joined forces with the Palestinians, and in aggression movements against the West and Israel, have become “terrorists,” although they justify themselves as freedom fighters (Shah). Furthermore, in a presidential speech, Senator Rubio acknowledged that Europe is promoting anti-semitism by requiring the labeling of Israeli exports as coming from occupied territories (Rubio), meaning that “farmers, vintners, and manufacturers in East Jerusalem...must tell consumers that the products come from a ‘settlement’ in the territories, which were captured by Israel in the 1967 Arab-Israeli War…” while “Palestine-owned enterprises can be labeled ‘Made in Palestine’” (Booth).
Location of the Issue
Tensions have spread from merely the Middle Eastern countries to other nations as well. The United States, ever supporting Israel, continues to aid them with the most advanced military technology and missiles; on the other hand, Russia backs the Arab nations. Physical conflict mainly occurs in the Middle Eastern countries of Israel and Palestine and involves minimal Egyptian territory. The UN Security Council has strived to pass numerous resolutions critical of Israel; the United States has taken the liberty of vetoing almost all of them.
People Affected
Currently, tensions between Israel and Syria still exist. This tension between the two countries not only affects the citizens of each country but surrounding areas and countries across the globe. Recently, from August 20-22 of this year, “Israel fired artillery into Syria”. Their targets were Syrian military outposts and Islamic militant personnel. With this act, six militants were killed in the Israeli strikes and the Israeli side had no casualties. Acts of aggression like these put innocent civilians in harm’s way and puts them at risk for serious injury and possibly death.
Interruption of Peace
Tensions between these two countries interrupt peace. Countries surrounding Syria and Israel are affected by the ongoing tension. For example, in Turkey, Syrian refugees have costed about $2 billion so far. In Lebanon, political tensions have inflamed. This tension interrupts peace because the surrounding countries have nothing to do with the conflict but they’re also being put through unnecessary problems, stemming from the Syrian and Israeli tension.
Requiring that Jewish settlements clearly label export products as coming from occupied territories. Israeli leaders condemned the move as discriminatory and warned that relations with their nation’s biggest trading partner could suffer.
The measures, issued by the European Commission, mean that farmers, vintners and manufacturers in East Jerusalem, the West Bank and the Golan Heights — even those employing Palestinian workers — may no longer boast a “Made in Israel” label for Europe-bound goods. Instead, they must tell consumers that the products come from a “settlement” in the territories, which were captured by Israel in the 1967 Arab-Israeli War.
Position Papers from Countries Involved:
International Concern towards the Conflict:
Causes and Effects
During the Six-Day War of 1967 against Israel, Egypt and Syria lost a tremendous amount of territory. Hoping to gain it back, Egyptian and Syrian forces launched a simultaneous attack on Israel on Yom Kippur, the holiest of days on the Jewish calendar. Stemming back from Cold War tensions, the USSR and the US rushed to provide assistance to their allied sides. The US sided with Israel while the USSR remained with the Arab world. The conflict has yet to be resolved. The Security Council agreed on Resolution 338, which called for “all parties to the present fighting to cease all firing and terminate all military activity immediately.” The violence continued to grow as both sides continued to blame each other. The popular phrase “no peace in the Middle East’ arose as there seems to be no end in sight with both parties aiming to terminate each other over territory.
Past Actions
During the Six Day War the UN declared a resolution that the two sides should ceasefire, but they did not listen because if one side was afraid that if they ceasefire the other side might not. Both sides declared they won because the Arab countries killed many Jews, but the Jews still held on to Israel. Ever since the war conflicts have been escalating between Arabs, Israelis, and many internal crimes occurred due to the hatred towards each other. The UN proposed multiple time two states solutions for so that the two nations can live in peace, but the Palestinians rejected every single two state solution proposed saying they want all or nothing refusing to live in peace.
Communal Level Actions
The different ethnic groups that are found within Israel are the Jewish and the Arabs. The people have regulated nonprofit organizations to ensure peace and equality in Palestine. The “Palestine centre for rapprochement between people” (PCR) is an organization that will promote the arrival at the peaceful and just Palestine. Students will learn and issue out commands that will create peace among the different ethnic groups. The organization will also look out and enhance civic duties and responsibilities aimed at women and children. Israel has opened its first diplomatic missions to the United Arab Emirates to come up with a political rapprochement with the gulf Arab states that had high tensions with Israel. The Arab states were traditionally considered sworn enemies. Israel has also started the international solidarity movement, which allows international visitors to be invited for non-violent resistance campaigns. This allows foreign assets to help with non-violent movements to help resolve the issue in Palestine.
Countries Involved
The main countries involved in the Yom Kippur War in 1973 were Israel, Egypt, and Syria. It was the Israelis against the Syrians and Egyptians. Other countries that got involved in this conflict were the USSR and the United States. Israel was aided by the United States; meanwhile the USSR threatened to come to the aid of the Egyptian troops. The USSR threatened to get involved because Egypt was running out of supplies. The UN was also involved. Russia was involved in Resolution 338 when they put pressure on Syria to finally accept the resolution after Egypt and Israel had already accepted it.
Proposed Resolutions
The United Nations has proposed resolutions in the past for this conflict. The UN came up with Resolution 338. This resolution called for an end to the Yom Kippur War in October of 1973. This resolution was adopted unanimously which called upon all parties to cease hostilities within 12 hours and to implement Resolution 242. This resolution was passed right after the Six-Day War in 1967. It was passed with the intention to secure a just and lasting peace following the war. However, in 1988, the Palestinians rejected it because it lacked explicit references to Palestine. At first Syria did not accept Resolution 338, although they eventually accepted it under pressure from the Soviet Union after Israel and Egypt had already accepted it. Despite the passing of this resolution, there were still tensions and hostilities between the nations. Thus, prompting the UN to pass resolutions 339 and 340 just days later. These resolutions reiterated the call to cease the fighting, and that finally brought the end of the Yom Kippur War.
During the Six-Day War of 1967 against Israel, Egypt and Syria lost a tremendous amount of territory. Hoping to gain it back, Egyptian and Syrian forces launched a simultaneous attack on Israel on Yom Kippur, the holiest of days on the Jewish calendar. Stemming back from Cold War tensions, the USSR and the US rushed to provide assistance to their allied sides. The US sided with Israel while the USSR remained with the Arab world. The conflict has yet to be resolved. The Security Council agreed on Resolution 338, which called for “all parties to the present fighting to cease all firing and terminate all military activity immediately.” The violence continued to grow as both sides continued to blame each other. The popular phrase “no peace in the Middle East’ arose as there seems to be no end in sight with both parties aiming to terminate each other over territory.
Past Actions
During the Six Day War the UN declared a resolution that the two sides should ceasefire, but they did not listen because if one side was afraid that if they ceasefire the other side might not. Both sides declared they won because the Arab countries killed many Jews, but the Jews still held on to Israel. Ever since the war conflicts have been escalating between Arabs, Israelis, and many internal crimes occurred due to the hatred towards each other. The UN proposed multiple time two states solutions for so that the two nations can live in peace, but the Palestinians rejected every single two state solution proposed saying they want all or nothing refusing to live in peace.
Communal Level Actions
The different ethnic groups that are found within Israel are the Jewish and the Arabs. The people have regulated nonprofit organizations to ensure peace and equality in Palestine. The “Palestine centre for rapprochement between people” (PCR) is an organization that will promote the arrival at the peaceful and just Palestine. Students will learn and issue out commands that will create peace among the different ethnic groups. The organization will also look out and enhance civic duties and responsibilities aimed at women and children. Israel has opened its first diplomatic missions to the United Arab Emirates to come up with a political rapprochement with the gulf Arab states that had high tensions with Israel. The Arab states were traditionally considered sworn enemies. Israel has also started the international solidarity movement, which allows international visitors to be invited for non-violent resistance campaigns. This allows foreign assets to help with non-violent movements to help resolve the issue in Palestine.
Countries Involved
The main countries involved in the Yom Kippur War in 1973 were Israel, Egypt, and Syria. It was the Israelis against the Syrians and Egyptians. Other countries that got involved in this conflict were the USSR and the United States. Israel was aided by the United States; meanwhile the USSR threatened to come to the aid of the Egyptian troops. The USSR threatened to get involved because Egypt was running out of supplies. The UN was also involved. Russia was involved in Resolution 338 when they put pressure on Syria to finally accept the resolution after Egypt and Israel had already accepted it.
Proposed Resolutions
The United Nations has proposed resolutions in the past for this conflict. The UN came up with Resolution 338. This resolution called for an end to the Yom Kippur War in October of 1973. This resolution was adopted unanimously which called upon all parties to cease hostilities within 12 hours and to implement Resolution 242. This resolution was passed right after the Six-Day War in 1967. It was passed with the intention to secure a just and lasting peace following the war. However, in 1988, the Palestinians rejected it because it lacked explicit references to Palestine. At first Syria did not accept Resolution 338, although they eventually accepted it under pressure from the Soviet Union after Israel and Egypt had already accepted it. Despite the passing of this resolution, there were still tensions and hostilities between the nations. Thus, prompting the UN to pass resolutions 339 and 340 just days later. These resolutions reiterated the call to cease the fighting, and that finally brought the end of the Yom Kippur War.
Issues and Solutions in Sight:
Causes and Effects
During the Six-Day War of 1967 against Israel, Egypt and Syria lost a tremendous amount of territory. Hoping to gain it back, Egyptian and Syrian forces launched a simultaneous attack on Israel on Yom Kippur, the holiest of days on the Jewish calendar. Stemming back from Cold War tensions, the USSR and the US rushed to provide assistance to their allied sides. The US sided with Israel while the USSR remained with the Arab world. The conflict has yet to be resolved. The Security Council agreed on Resolution 338, which called for “all parties to the present fighting to cease all firing and terminate all military activity immediately.” The violence continued to grow as both sides continued to blame each other. The popular phrase “no peace in the Middle East’ arose as there seems to be no end in sight with both parties aiming to terminate each other over territory.
Past Actions
During the Six Day War the UN declared a resolution that the two sides should ceasefire, but they did not listen because if one side was afraid that if they ceasefire the other side might not. Both sides declared they won because the Arab countries killed many Jews, but the Jews still held on to Israel. Ever since the war conflicts have been escalating between Arabs, Israelis, and many internal crimes occurred due to the hatred towards each other. The UN proposed multiple time two states solutions for so that the two nations can live in peace, but the Palestinians rejected every single two state solution proposed saying they want all or nothing refusing to live in peace.
Communal Level Actions
The different ethnic groups that are found within Israel are the Jewish and the Arabs. The people have regulated nonprofit organizations to ensure peace and equality in Palestine. The “Palestine centre for rapprochement between people” (PCR) is an organization that will promote the arrival at the peaceful and just Palestine. Students will learn and issue out commands that will create peace among the different ethnic groups. The organization will also look out and enhance civic duties and responsibilities aimed at women and children. Israel has opened its first diplomatic missions to the United Arab Emirates to come up with a political rapprochement with the gulf Arab states that had high tensions with Israel. The Arab states were traditionally considered sworn enemies. Israel has also started the international solidarity movement, which allows international visitors to be invited for non-violent resistance campaigns. This allows foreign assets to help with non-violent movements to help resolve the issue in Palestine.
Countries Involved
The main countries involved in the Yom Kippur War in 1973 were Israel, Egypt, and Syria. It was the Israelis against the Syrians and Egyptians. Other countries that got involved in this conflict were the USSR and the United States. Israel was aided by the United States; meanwhile the USSR threatened to come to the aid of the Egyptian troops. The USSR threatened to get involved because Egypt was running out of supplies. The UN was also involved. Russia was involved in Resolution 338 when they put pressure on Syria to finally accept the resolution after Egypt and Israel had already accepted it.
Proposed Resolutions
The United Nations has proposed resolutions in the past for this conflict. The UN came up with Resolution 338. This resolution called for an end to the Yom Kippur War in October of 1973. This resolution was adopted unanimously which called upon all parties to cease hostilities within 12 hours and to implement Resolution 242. This resolution was passed right after the Six-Day War in 1967. It was passed with the intention to secure a just and lasting peace following the war. However, in 1988, the Palestinians rejected it because it lacked explicit references to Palestine. At first Syria did not accept Resolution 338, although they eventually accepted it under pressure from the Soviet Union after Israel and Egypt had already accepted it. Despite the passing of this resolution, there were still tensions and hostilities between the nations. Thus, prompting the UN to pass resolutions 339 and 340 just days later. These resolutions reiterated the call to cease the fighting, and that finally brought the end of the Yom Kippur War.
During the Six-Day War of 1967 against Israel, Egypt and Syria lost a tremendous amount of territory. Hoping to gain it back, Egyptian and Syrian forces launched a simultaneous attack on Israel on Yom Kippur, the holiest of days on the Jewish calendar. Stemming back from Cold War tensions, the USSR and the US rushed to provide assistance to their allied sides. The US sided with Israel while the USSR remained with the Arab world. The conflict has yet to be resolved. The Security Council agreed on Resolution 338, which called for “all parties to the present fighting to cease all firing and terminate all military activity immediately.” The violence continued to grow as both sides continued to blame each other. The popular phrase “no peace in the Middle East’ arose as there seems to be no end in sight with both parties aiming to terminate each other over territory.
Past Actions
During the Six Day War the UN declared a resolution that the two sides should ceasefire, but they did not listen because if one side was afraid that if they ceasefire the other side might not. Both sides declared they won because the Arab countries killed many Jews, but the Jews still held on to Israel. Ever since the war conflicts have been escalating between Arabs, Israelis, and many internal crimes occurred due to the hatred towards each other. The UN proposed multiple time two states solutions for so that the two nations can live in peace, but the Palestinians rejected every single two state solution proposed saying they want all or nothing refusing to live in peace.
Communal Level Actions
The different ethnic groups that are found within Israel are the Jewish and the Arabs. The people have regulated nonprofit organizations to ensure peace and equality in Palestine. The “Palestine centre for rapprochement between people” (PCR) is an organization that will promote the arrival at the peaceful and just Palestine. Students will learn and issue out commands that will create peace among the different ethnic groups. The organization will also look out and enhance civic duties and responsibilities aimed at women and children. Israel has opened its first diplomatic missions to the United Arab Emirates to come up with a political rapprochement with the gulf Arab states that had high tensions with Israel. The Arab states were traditionally considered sworn enemies. Israel has also started the international solidarity movement, which allows international visitors to be invited for non-violent resistance campaigns. This allows foreign assets to help with non-violent movements to help resolve the issue in Palestine.
Countries Involved
The main countries involved in the Yom Kippur War in 1973 were Israel, Egypt, and Syria. It was the Israelis against the Syrians and Egyptians. Other countries that got involved in this conflict were the USSR and the United States. Israel was aided by the United States; meanwhile the USSR threatened to come to the aid of the Egyptian troops. The USSR threatened to get involved because Egypt was running out of supplies. The UN was also involved. Russia was involved in Resolution 338 when they put pressure on Syria to finally accept the resolution after Egypt and Israel had already accepted it.
Proposed Resolutions
The United Nations has proposed resolutions in the past for this conflict. The UN came up with Resolution 338. This resolution called for an end to the Yom Kippur War in October of 1973. This resolution was adopted unanimously which called upon all parties to cease hostilities within 12 hours and to implement Resolution 242. This resolution was passed right after the Six-Day War in 1967. It was passed with the intention to secure a just and lasting peace following the war. However, in 1988, the Palestinians rejected it because it lacked explicit references to Palestine. At first Syria did not accept Resolution 338, although they eventually accepted it under pressure from the Soviet Union after Israel and Egypt had already accepted it. Despite the passing of this resolution, there were still tensions and hostilities between the nations. Thus, prompting the UN to pass resolutions 339 and 340 just days later. These resolutions reiterated the call to cease the fighting, and that finally brought the end of the Yom Kippur War.
"Peace is much more precious than a piece of land... let there be no more wars. "
- Anwar Sadat
Website Designed by: Daniel D. Lopez